Method and system for selectable parallel optical fiber and wavelength division multiplexed operation

ABSTRACT

Methods and systems for selectable parallel optical fiber and WDM operation may include an optoelectronic transceiver integrated in a silicon photonics die. The optoelectronic transceiver may, in a first communication mode, communicate continuous wave (CW) optical signals from an optical source module to a first subset of optical couplers on the die for processing signals in optical modulators in accordance with a first communications protocol, and in a second communication mode, communicate the CW optical signals to a second subset of optical couplers for processing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with a second communications protocol. Processed signals may be transmitted out of the die utilizing a third subset of the optical couplers. First or second protocol optical signals may be received from the fiber interface coupled to a fourth subset or a fifth subset, respectively, of the optical couplers.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS/INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 62/359,408 filed on Jul. 7, 2016, which is herebyincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD

Certain embodiments of the disclosure relate to semiconductor photonics.More specifically, certain embodiments of the disclosure relate to amethod and system for selectable parallel optical fiber and wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM) operation.

BACKGROUND

As data networks scale to meet ever-increasing bandwidth requirements,the shortcomings of copper data channels are becoming apparent. Signalattenuation and crosstalk due to radiated electromagnetic energy are themain impediments encountered by designers of such systems. They can bemitigated to some extent with equalization, coding, and shielding, butthese techniques require considerable power, complexity, and cable bulkpenalties while offering only modest improvements in reach and verylimited scalability. Free of such channel limitations, opticalcommunication has been recognized as the successor to copper links.

Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditionalapproaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, throughcomparison of such systems with the present disclosure as set forth inthe remainder of the present application with reference to the drawings.

BRIEF SUMMARY

A system and/or method for selectable parallel optical fiber and WDMoperation, substantially as shown in and/or described in connection withat least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims.

Various advantages, aspects and novel features of the presentdisclosure, as well as details of an illustrated embodiment thereof,will be more fully understood from the following description anddrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a photonically-enabled integrated circuitwith selectable parallel optical fiber and WDM operation, in accordancewith an example embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an exemplary photonically-enabled die,in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 1C is a diagram illustrating a photonically-enabled integratedcircuit with an optical fiber cable, in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an optical transceiver with optical paths in paralleloptical fiber mode, in accordance with an example embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an optical transceiver with optical paths in WDMmode, in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a dynamically configurable mode optical transceiver,in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As utilized herein the terms “circuits” and “circuitry” refer tophysical electronic components (i.e. hardware) and any software and/orfirmware (“code”) which may configure the hardware, be executed by thehardware, and or otherwise be associated with the hardware. As usedherein, for example, a particular processor and memory may comprise afirst “circuit” when executing a first one or more lines of code and maycomprise a second “circuit” when executing a second one or more lines ofcode. As utilized herein, “and/or” means any one or more of the items inthe list joined by “and/or”. As an example, “x and/or y” means anyelement of the three-element set {(x), (y), (x, y)}. In other words, “xand/or y” means “one or both of x and y”. As another example, “x, y,and/or z” means any element of the seven-element set {(x), (y), (z), (x,y), (x, z), (y, z), (x, y, z)}. In other words, “x, y and/or z” means“one or more of x, y and z”. As utilized herein, the term “exemplary”means serving as a non-limiting example, instance, or illustration. Asutilized herein, the terms “e.g.,” and “for example” set off lists ofone or more non-limiting examples, instances, or illustrations. Asutilized herein, circuitry or a device is “operable” to perform afunction whenever the circuitry or device comprises the necessaryhardware and code (if any is necessary) to perform the function,regardless of whether performance of the function is disabled or notenabled (e.g., by a user-configurable setting, factory trim, etc.).

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a photonically-enabled integrated circuitwith selectable parallel optical fiber and WDM operation, in accordancewith an example embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1A,there is shown optoelectronic devices on a photonic circuit 100comprising optical modulators 105A-105D, photodiodes 111A-111D, monitorphotodiodes 113A-113H, and optical devices comprising input couplers103, and input/output couplers 117. There are also shown electricaldevices and circuits comprising amplifiers 107A-107D, analog and digitalcontrol circuits 109, and control sections 112A-112D. The amplifiers107A-107D may comprise transimpedance and limiting amplifiers (TIA/LAs),for example.

In an example scenario, the photonic circuit 100 comprises a CMOSphotonics die and one or more electronics die coupled to the photonicsdie, with an optical source assembly 101 coupled to the top surface ofthe photonic IC 100 or remotely from the photonics and electronics die.The optical source assembly 101 may comprise one or more semiconductorlasers with isolators, lenses, and/or polarization rotators fordirecting one or more CW optical signals to the couplers 103. In anexample scenario, the optical source assembly may be located remotelyfrom the photonic and electronics die and optical fibers may communicatethe optical signals to the couplers 103. In this scenario, optical andoptoelectronics functions may be performed on the photonics die andelectronics functions may be performed on the electronics die. Inanother example scenario, the photonically enabled integrated circuit100 may comprise a single chip.

Optical signals are communicated between optical and optoelectronicdevices via optical waveguides 110 fabricated in the photonic circuit100. Single-mode or multi-mode waveguides may be used in photonicintegrated circuits. Single-mode operation enables direct connection tooptical signal processing and networking elements. The term“single-mode” may be used for waveguides that support a single mode foreach of the two polarizations, transverse-electric (TE) andtransverse-magnetic (TM), or for waveguides that are truly single modeand only support one mode whose polarization is TE, which comprises anelectric field parallel to the substrate supporting the waveguides. Twotypical waveguide cross-sections that are utilized comprise stripwaveguides and rib waveguides. Strip waveguides typically comprise arectangular cross-section, whereas rib waveguides comprise a rib sectionon top of a waveguide slab. Of course, other waveguide cross sectiontypes are also contemplated and within the scope of the disclosure.

In an example scenario, the couplers 103 may comprise grating couplers,for top surface coupling or end facets for edge coupling, for receivinginput optical signals from the laser assembly 101. Each of the pairs ofcouplers 103 that receive optical source signals from the laser assembly101 may be utilized for a different optical communication standard, suchas parallel optical fiber (e.g., PSM-4) and WDM, which may includecoarse WDM and dense WDM, such that each modulator input is for sourcinga different standard or protocol. Therefore, by aligning the laserassembly 101 to a particular set of couplers 103, the protocol orstandard communicated via the transceivers of the photonic integratedcircuit 130 may be configured and a different chip is not needed fordifferent protocols.

The optical modulators 105A-105D comprise Mach-Zehnder or ringmodulators, for example, and enable the modulation of thecontinuous-wave (CW) laser input signals. The optical modulators105A-105D may comprise high-speed and low-speed phase modulationsections and are controlled by the control sections 112A-112D. Thehigh-speed phase modulation section of the optical modulators 105A-105Dmay modulate a CW light source signal with a data signal. The low-speedphase modulation section of the optical modulators 105A-105D maycompensate for slowly varying phase factors such as those induced bymismatch between the waveguides, waveguide temperature, or waveguidestress and is referred to as the passive phase, or the passive biasingof the MZI.

In an example scenario, the high-speed optical phase modulators mayoperate based on the free carrier dispersion effect and may demonstratea high overlap between the free carrier modulation region and theoptical mode. High-speed phase modulation of an optical mode propagatingin a waveguide is the building block of several types of signal encodingused for high data rate optical communications. Speed in the tens ofGb/s may be required to sustain the high data rates used in modernoptical links and can be achieved in integrated Si photonics bymodulating the depletion region of a PN junction placed across thewaveguide carrying the optical beam. In order to increase the modulationefficiency and minimize the loss, the overlap between the optical modeand the depletion region of the PN junction is optimized.

The outputs of the optical modulators 105A-105D may be optically coupledvia the waveguides 110 to a subset of the optical couplers 117. Thecouplers 103 at the outputs of the modulators 105A-105D may comprisefour-port optical couplers, for example, and may be utilized to sampleor split the optical signals generated by the optical modulators105A-105D, with the sampled signals being measured by the monitorphotodiodes 113A-113H. The unused branches of the directional couplers103D-103K may be terminated by optical terminations, for example, toavoid back reflections of unwanted signals.

The optical couplers 117 may comprise optical gratings that enablecoupling of light into and out of the top surface of the photoniccircuit 100 or may comprise end facets for edge coupled optical signals.The optical couplers 117 may be utilized to couple light received fromoptical fibers 149 into the photonic circuit 100, and the opticalcouplers 117 may be utilized to couple light from the photonic circuit100 into optical fibers. The optical couplers 117 may comprise singlepolarization grating couplers (SPGC) and/or polarization splittinggrating couplers (PSGC). In instances where a PSGC is utilized, twoinput, or output, waveguides may be utilized, such as those coupled tothe photodiodes 111A-111D.

The optical fibers may be bonded by adhesive, for example, to the chipcomprising the optical and optoelectronic sections of the photonicintegrated circuit 130, and may be aligned at an angle from normal tothe surface of the chip to optimize coupling efficiency. In an exampleembodiment, the optical fibers may comprise single-mode fiber (SMF)and/or polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF).

In another example embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1B, optical signalsmay be communicated directly into the surface of a photonics die in thephotonic circuit 100 without optical fibers by directing a light sourceon an optical coupling device in the chip, such as the light sourceinterface 135 and/or the optical fiber interface 139. This may beaccomplished with laser sources on another chip flip-chip bonded to thedie.

The photodiodes 111A-111D may convert optical signals received from theoptical couplers 117 into electrical signals that are communicated tothe amplifiers 107A-107D for processing. In an example scenario, thephotodiodes 111A-111D comprise multi-port photodetectors capable ofreceiving from either of each pair of optical couplers 117 as shown. Inthis manner, different standard or communication protocol opticalsignals may be communicated via the optical fibers 149 into the opticalcouplers 117, where each grating coupler in a pair of couplers may beconfigured for a particular communications protocol or standard, such asWDM and parallel optical fiber, for example. For example, one of eachpair of optical couplers 117 may be configured to receive 1310 nmoptical signals for PSM-4, while the other of each pair may beconfigured for a different WDM wavelength, such as 1270, 1290, 1310, and1330 nm, for use with CWDM, or more fine wavelength spacing for DWDM.Other wavelengths are also possible, such as in the range of 1550 nm,for example, depending on the communication standard, type of fiber, andoptical sources.

In accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure, in areceiver subsystem implemented in a silicon chip, light is often coupledinto a photodetector via a polarization-splitting grating coupler thatsupports coupling all polarization states of the fiber mode efficiently.The incoming signal is split by the PSGC into two separate waveguides ina polarization-diversity scheme, and therefore both inputs to thewaveguide photodetectors are used. If two different PSGCs are used tocouple into the same photodetector, then the PD has four separatewaveguide ports.

The analog and digital control circuits 109 may control gain levels orother parameters in the operation of the amplifiers 107A-107D, which maythen communicate electrical signals off the photonic circuit 100. Thecontrol sections 112A-112D comprise electronic circuitry that enablemodulation of the CW laser signal received from the splitters 103A-103C.The optical modulators 105A-105D may require high-speed electricalsignals to modulate the refractive index in respective branches of aMach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), for example.

In operation, the photonic circuit 100 may be operable to transmitand/or receive and process optical signals. Optical signals may bereceived from optical fibers by the optical couplers 117A-117D andconverted to electrical signals by the photodetectors 111A-111D. Theelectrical signals may be amplified by transimpedance amplifiers in theamplifiers 107A-107D, for example, and subsequently communicated toother electronic circuitry, not shown, in the photonic circuit 100.

Integrated photonics platforms allow the full functionality of anoptical transceiver to be integrated on a single chip oroptical/optoelectronics functionality on a photonics die and electronicsfunctionality on an electronics die, with the die directly bonded forhigh speed operation. An optical transceiver chip containsoptoelectronic circuits that create and process the optical/electricalsignals on the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) sides, as well asoptical interfaces that couple the optical signals to and from a fiber.The signal processing functionality may include modulating the opticalcarrier, detecting the optical signal, splitting or combining datastreams, and multiplexing or demultiplexing data on carriers withdifferent wavelengths, and equalizing signals for reducing and/oreliminating inter-symbol interference (ISI), which may be a commonimpairment in optical communication systems.

The photonic circuit 100 may comprise a single electronics/photonicsCMOS die/chip or may comprise separate CMOS die for the photonics andelectronics functions. The photonic circuit 100 may support bothparallel optical fiber (such as PSM-4) and wavelength-divisionmultiplexed (such as CWDM) operation. Selection between the two modes ofoperation may be enabled by the alignment of the fiber interfaces forboth the external light source, the optical source assembly 101, and anexternal MUX/DEMUX/optical fibers 140, with the MUX/DEMUX operationconfigured at the firmware level, such as in the control circuits 109.Four-port high-speed photodetectors may enable the dual operation of thephotonic circuit 100.

FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an exemplary photonically-enabled die,in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 1B, there is shown the photonically-enabled die 120 comprising anelectronic die interface 131, optical and optoelectronic devices 133, alight source interface 135, a chip front surface 137, an optical fiberinterface 139, and CMOS guard ring 141.

In one embodiment, the light source interface 135A and the optical fiberinterface 139 comprise grating couplers, for example, that enablecoupling of light signals via the CMOS chip surface 137, as opposed tothe edges of the chip as with conventional edge-emitting/receivingdevices. However, end facets may be used to couple optical signals intothe edges of the photonics die 120, as in indicated by the light sourceinterface 135B comprising an end facet on the side of the photonics die120. Coupling light signals via the chip surface 137 enables the use ofthe CMOS guard ring 141 which protects the chip mechanically andprevents the entry of contaminants via the chip edge. However, thedisclosure is not limited to surface coupling, as edge couplers, such aslight source 135B comprising end facets may be utilized to communicatesignals into and out of the photonics IC 130.

The electronics die interface 131 may comprise electrical contacts, suchas bond pads and bumps or pillars for coupling to one or moreelectronics die. The optical and optoelectronic devices 133 comprisedevices such as the couplers 103A-103K, optical couplers 117A, opticalmodulators 105A-105D, high-speed heterojunction photodiodes 111A-111D,and monitor photodiodes 113A-113I.

FIG. 1C is a diagram illustrating a photonically-enabled integratedcircuit coupled to an optical fiber cable, in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1C, there is shown thephotonic circuit 100 comprising an electronics die 130 coupled to thephotonics die 120. There is also shown a fiber-to-chip coupler 145, anoptical fiber cable 149, and an optical source assembly 147. In anexample scenario, the optical source assembly 147 may be remote from thephotonics die 120 with optical signals coupled to the optical couplersvia optical fibers. The light source assembly 147 may then coupleoptical signals into the top surface 137 via light source interface 135Aor into the edge of the photonics die 120 via light source interface135B comprising an end facet, as indicated by the dashed optical fiber151. Furthermore, the electronics die 130 may be coupled to thephotonics IC 120 to perform some or all of the electronic functions ofthe photonic circuit 100 in.

The electronics die 120 may comprise comprise circuitry such as theamplifiers 107A-107D and the analog and digital control circuits 109described with respect to FIG. 1A, for example.

The photonic circuit 100 comprises the optical and optoelectronicdevices 133, the light source interfaces 135A and 135B, the chip surface137, and the CMOS guard ring 141 may be as described with respect toFIG. 1B. The optical source assembly 147 may comprise a plurality oflasers, with 1310 nm wavelength and wavelengths ranging from 1270 nm to1330 to support both PSM-4 and CWDM operation, for example, althoughother WDM and parallel fiber channel wavelengths may be used.

In an example embodiment, the optical fiber cable 149 may be affixed,via epoxy for example, to the CMOS chip surface 137. The fiber chipcoupler 145 enables the physical coupling of the optical fiber cable 149to the photonics die 120. In another example scenario, the photoniccircuit 100 may comprise photonic devices on one die, such as aphotonics interposer, and electrical devices on one or more electronicsdie, both of which may comprise CMOS die.

FIG. 2 illustrates an optical transceiver with optical paths in PSM-4mode, in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure.Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown an optical transceiver 200comprising four MZI modulators 205A-205D, a fiber array opticalinterface 201, an external optical source array 203, grating couplers209A-209C, optical waveguides 211, and 4-port high-speed photodiodes207A-207D. Multi-port photodiodes are described in detail in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/592,774 filed on May 11, 2017, which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety. The optical andoptoelectronic devices shown in FIG. 2 may be integrated on a photonicschip, such as a silicon photonics interposer, for example, upon whichother structures, such as electronics die, fiber arrays, and lightsource assemblies, may be bonded.

The grating couplers 209A-209C may comprise single-polarization gratingcouplers, such as grating couplers 209A-209B, or polarization-splittinggrating couplers (PSGCs) 209C, where two optical signals may becommunicated to different inputs of the photodiodes 207A-207D.

The external optical source array 203 may comprise an array of lasers ina light source assembly with a plurality of output ports that may bealigned to desired grating couplers 209B on the photonics die, dependingon the mode of operation, parallel optical fiber (e.g., PSM-4) or WDM(e.g., CWDM), for example. In an example scenario, the external opticalsource array 203 may comprise a fiber array that communicates opticalsignals from an array of source lasers external to the photonics diethat may be aligned to desired grating couplers 209B on the photonicsdie. For example, grating couplers 209A-209C labeled XA may be utilizedfor PSM-4 wavelengths, and grating couplers 209A-209C labeled X1-X4 maybe for different CWDM wavelengths.

The fiber array optical interface 201 may couple optical fibers todesired grating couplers 209A and PSGCs 209C on the photonics chip,depending on the desired mode of operation. In an example scenario, theoptical interface may comprise a fiber for each coupler/PSGC on the die,where a MUX/DEMUX, as shown further with respect to FIG. 4. The PLC maybe integrated on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC), for example, in thefiber array optical interface 201, may be utilized to select which fiberis used to couple optical signals to and from the die. Planar lightwavecircuits are described in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 7,366,380, whichis hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In this manner, theoptical interface 201 and optical source array 203 may be shiftedlaterally with respect to the grating couplers 209A-209C to switch toCWDM mode.

FIG. 2 illustrates a parallel optical fiber mode of the opticaltransceiver 200, where 1310 nm CW optical signals, for PSM-4, forexample, are communicated to the die via the external optical sourcearray 203. Accordingly, the output ports of the external light sourcefiber array that are coupled to XA (e.g., 1310 nm) grating couplers maybe selected by a MUX or other switching apparatus. The CW signals maythen be modulated using the MZI modulators 205A-205D and communicatedout of the chip via the associated grating couplers 209A coupled to thefiber array optical interface 201.

Similarly, modulated 1310 nm signals may be received from the fiberarray optical interface 201 via the PSGCs 209C and communicated to the4-port high-speed photodiodes 207A-207D, where electrical signals may begenerated that represent the data modulated in the received opticalsignals. In another example scenario, the transceiver may be configuredin PSM-4 mode by fixing the fiber array optical interface 201 andexternal optical source array 203 to be coupled to appropriate gratingcouplers 209A and 209B and PSGCs 209C without further switching of mode.The modulation/demodulation scheme would then be set for PSM-4 operationupon manufacture, for example.

FIG. 3 illustrates an optical transceiver with optical paths in WDMmode, in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure.Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown the optical transceiver 300 in WDMmode, as compared to the parallel optical fiber mode of FIG. 2. Asstated above, the transceiver 300 comprises four MZI modulators205A-205D, a fiber array optical interface 201, an external opticalsource array 203, grating couplers 209A-209C, and 4-port high-speedphotodiodes 207A-207D. Although four channels are shown in FIG. 3, thedisclosure is not so limited, as any number of channels may be utilized.

The external optical source array 203 may comprise an array of lasers ina light source assembly with a plurality of output ports that may bealigned to desired grating couplers on the photonics die for WDM mode.Accordingly, laser sources of different WDM wavelengths, such as CWDMwavelengths ranging from 1270 nm to 1330 nm, for example, may be coupledto appropriate grating couplers 209B labeled X1-X4 on the photonics die.

The fiber array optical interface 201 may couple optical fibers todesired grating couplers 209A and 209B and PSGCs 209C on the photonicschip, depending on the desired mode of operation. In an examplescenario, the optical interface 201 may comprise a fiber for eachcoupler/PSGC on the die, where a MUX/DEMUX may be utilized to selectwhich fiber is used to couple optical signals to and from the die, shownfurther with respect to FIG. 4. Alternatively, a more fixedconfiguration of the standard/protocol configuration comprises fixingthe output ports of the fiber array optical interface 201 and opticalsource assembly 203 to the desired grating couplers 209A-209C, where thefiber array optical interface 201 and optical source assembly 203 havehalf the total amount of couplers 209A-209C on the die.

FIG. 3 illustrates a WDM mode of the optical transceiver 300, where 1270nm to 1330 nm CW optical signals may be communicated to the die via theexternal light source fiber array 203. Accordingly, the output ports ofthe external light source fiber array 203 that are coupled to desiredwavelength grating couplers may be selected by a DEMUX or otherswitching apparatus that route optical signals to desired gratingcouplers. Alternatively, output ports of the external light source fiberarray 203 may be affixed to the grating couplers 209B for the desiredprotocol/standard. The CW signals may then be modulated using the MZImodulators 205A-205D and communicated out of the chip via the associatedgrating couplers 209A coupled to the fiber array optical interface 201.

Similarly, modulated X1-X4 wavelength, e.g., 1270 nm to 1330 nm signals,may be received from the fiber array optical interface 201 viacorresponding wavelength PSGCs 209B and communicated to the 4-porthigh-speed photodiodes 207A-207D where electrical signals may begenerated that represent the data modulated in the received opticalsignals. In another example scenario, the transceiver may be configuredin WDM mode by fixing the fiber array optical interface 201 and externallight source fiber array 203 to appropriate grating couplers 209A-209Cwithout further switching of mode. The modulation/demodulation schemewould then be set for CWDM operation upon manufacture, for example.

FIG. 4 illustrates a dynamically configurable mode optical transceiver,in accordance with an example embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 4, there is shown optical transceiver 400 with configurable mode,where the interface 201, source, 203, MZIs 205A-205D, photodetectors207A-207D, and grating couplers 209A-209C are substantially similar tothese elements from FIGS. 2 and 3.

In addition, FIG. 4 illustrates Mux/Demux 201A and 203A in the fiberarray optical interface 201A and optical source fiber array 203,respectively. The Mux/Demux 201A and 203A may comprise optical switchingcapability using directional couplers and optical switches, for example,for receiving optical signals from input ports and routing them todesired output ports. The Mux/Demux 201A and 203A may be integrated inPLCs, for example, in the fiber array optical interface 201A and opticalsource fiber array 203, respectively.

In operation, the Mux/Demux 201A and 203A may be configured to coupleoptical signals between optical fibers in the fiber array opticalinterface 201A and optical source fiber array 203 to desired couplers209A-209C, such that the optical transceiver 400 may operate in adesired mode, such as WDM or parallel optical fiber, for example. Forexample, for WDM mode such as CWDM, the Mux/Demux 203A may be configuredto couple optical source signals from lasers emitting at wavelengthsX1-X4 to the grating couplers 209B labeled X1-X4. Similarly, theMux/Demux 201A may be configured to receive optical source signals fromthe grating couplers 209A labeled X1-X4 and also to couple modulatedoptical signals at wavelengths X1-X4 to the grating couplers 209Clabeled X1-X4.

In an example embodiment, a method and system are disclosed forselectable parallel optical fiber and WDM operation. In this regard,aspects of the disclosure may comprise an optoelectronic transceiverintegrated in a silicon photonics die, where the optoelectronictransceiver comprises optical modulators, photodetectors, gratingcouplers, an optical source module coupled to the photonics die, and afiber interface coupled to the photonics die. The optoelectronictransceiver is operable to, in a first communication mode, communicatecontinuous wave (CW) optical signals from the optical source module to afirst subset of the grating couplers for processing signals in theoptical modulators in accordance with a first communications protocol,and in a second communication mode, communicate CW optical signals fromthe optical source module to a second subset of the grating couplers forprocessing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with a secondcommunications protocol.

The processed signals may be transmitted out of the photonics dieutilizing a third subset of the grating couplers. Optical signalsmodulated in accordance with the first communications protocol may bereceived from the fiber interface coupled to a fourth subset of thegrating couplers or optical signals modulated in accordance with thesecond communications protocol may be received from the fiber interfacecoupled to a fifth subset of the grating couplers. Electrical signalsmay be generated from the received modulated optical signals utilizingthe photodetectors.

The first communications protocol may be wavelength divisionmultiplexing (WDM) and the second communications protocol may beparallel optical fiber. The fourth and fifth subset of grating couplersmay be polarization splitting grating couplers and the photodetectorsmay be multi-port photodiodes. One of the fourth subset of gratingcouplers and one of the fifth subset of grating couplers may be coupledto each multi-port photodiode. The CW optical signals may be dynamicallycoupled to the first subset of grating couplers or the second subset ofgrating couplers using a multiplexer/demultiplexer in the optical sourcemodule. The optical source module may include a plurality ofsemiconductor lasers, a first subset of which emits at particularwavelength for the first communications protocol and a second subset ofwhich emits at a particular wavelength for the second communicationsprotocol. The optical modulators may be Mach-Zehnder Interferometers.

While the disclosure has been described with reference to certainembodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted withoutdeparting from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, manymodifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material tothe teachings of the present disclosure without departing from itsscope. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure not belimited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the presentdisclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of theappended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for communication, the methodcomprising: in an optoelectronic transceiver integrated in a siliconphotonics die, the optoelectronic transceiver comprising opticalmodulators, photodetectors, optical couplers, an optical source modulecoupled to the photonics die, and a fiber interface coupled to thephotonics die: communicating continuous wave (CW) optical signals fromthe optical source module to a first subset of the optical couplers forprocessing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with a firstcommunications protocol or to a second subset of the optical couplersfor processing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with asecond communications protocol; transmitting processed signals out ofthe photonics die utilizing a third subset of the optical couplers; in afirst communication mode, receiving optical signals modulated inaccordance with the first communications protocol from the fiberinterface coupled to a fourth subset of the optical couplers in a secondcommunication mode, receiving optical signals modulated in accordancewith the second communications protocol from the fiber interface coupledto a fifth subset of the optical couplers; and generating electricalsignals from the received modulated optical signals utilizing thephotodetectors.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the firstcommunications protocol comprises coarse wavelength divisionmultiplexing (CWDM).
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein thesecond communications protocol comprises parallel single mode 4-channel(PSM-4).
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth andfifth subset of optical couplers comprise polarization splitting gratingcouplers.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the photodetectorscomprise multi-port photodiodes.
 6. The method according to claim 5,wherein one of the fourth subset of optical couplers and one of thefifth subset of optical couplers is coupled to each multi-portphotodiode.
 7. The method according to claim 1, comprising dynamicallycoupling the CW optical signals to the first subset of optical couplersor the second subset of optical couplers using amultiplexer/demultiplexer in the optical source module.
 8. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the optical source module comprises aplurality of semiconductor lasers, a first subset of which emits atwavelengths for the first communications protocol and a second subset ofwhich emits at a wavelength for the second communications protocol. 9.The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical couplers comprisegrating couplers.
 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein theoptical couplers comprise end facets of the photonics die.
 11. A systemfor communication, the system comprising: an optoelectronic transceiverintegrated in a silicon photonics die, the optoelectronic transceivercomprising optical modulators, photodetectors, optical couplers, anoptical source module coupled to the photonics die, and a fiberinterface coupled to the photonics die, the optoelectronic transceiverbeing operable to: communicate continuous wave (CW) optical signals fromthe optical source module to a first subset of the optical couplers forprocessing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with a firstcommunications protocol or to a second subset of the optical couplersfor processing signals in the optical modulators in accordance with asecond communications protocol; transmit processed signals out of thephotonics die utilizing a third subset of the optical couplers; in afirst communication mode, receive optical signals modulated inaccordance with the first communications protocol from the fiberinterface coupled to a fourth subset of the optical couplers; in asecond communication mode, receive optical signals modulated inaccordance with the second communications protocol from the fiberinterface coupled to a fifth subset of the optical couplers; andgenerate electrical signals from the received modulated optical signalsutilizing the photodetectors.
 12. The system according to claim 11,wherein the first communications protocol comprises coarse wavelengthdivision multiplexing (CWDM).
 13. The system according to claim 1,wherein the second communications protocol comprises parallel singlemode 4-channel (PSM-4).
 14. The system according to claim 11, whereinthe optical couplers comprise end facets on the photonics die.
 15. Thesystem according to claim 11, wherein the photodetectors comprisemulti-port photodiodes.
 16. The system according to claim 15, whereinone of the fourth subset of optical couplers and one of the fifth subsetof optical couplers is coupled to each multi-port photodiode.
 17. Thesystem according to claim 11, wherein the optoelectronic transceiver isoperable to dynamically couple the CW optical signals to the firstsubset of optical couplers or the second subset of optical couplersusing a multiplexer/demultiplexer in the optical source module.
 18. Thesystem according to claim 11, wherein the optical source modulecomprises a plurality of semiconductor lasers, a first subset of whichemits at wavelengths for the first communications protocol and a secondsubset of which emits at a wavelength for the second communicationsprotocol.
 19. The system according to claim 11, wherein the opticalcouplers comprise grating couplers and the fourth and fifth subset ofoptical couplers comprise polarization splitting grating couplers.
 20. Asystem for communication, the system comprising: an optoelectronictransceiver integrated in a silicon photonics die, the optoelectronictransceiver comprising optical modulators, photodetectors, gratingcouplers, an optical source module coupled to the photonics die, and afiber interface coupled to the photonics die, the optoelectronictransceiver being operable to: in a first communication mode,communicate continuous wave (CW) optical signals from the optical sourcemodule to a first subset of the grating couplers for processing coarsewavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) signals in a secondcommunication mode, communicate CW optical signals from the opticalsource module to a second subset of the grating couplers for processingparallel single mode 4-channel (PSM-4) signals in the opticalmodulators; transmit processed signals out of the photonics dieutilizing a third subset of the grating couplers; receive CWDM opticalsignals from the fiber interface coupled to a fourth subset of thegrating couplers or receive PSM-4 optical signals from the fiberinterface coupled to a fifth subset of the grating couplers; andgenerate electrical signals from the received modulated optical signalsutilizing the photodetectors.